Answer:
1. Introduction
Pakistan is one of the most vulnerable countries due to climate change. The Global Climate Risk
Index (GCRI) [1] has ranked Pakistan in the top 10 countries adversely affected by climate change. The
GCRI has characterized extreme events based on the last 20 years of data (1998 to 2017). The major
threats include rising temperatures, erratic rainfall patterns, sea-level rise, and extreme events (floods,
droughts, and heatwaves). Drought is one of the most severe threats especially in the arid regions of
Pakistan, such as the Balochistan Province. The adverse effects of climate change have worsened with
time [2]. As stated in Reference [3], developing countries like Pakistan are more susceptible to climate
change because of their lower adaptive capacities. With its arid geography and scarcity of resources,
Pakistan is extremely exposed to the impacts of climate change [4]. The country has been suffering from
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