By the early 1900s, Western imperialism had taken control of the Chinese economy, which angered many Chinese citizens and led to a nationalist uprising. The Chinese population seeking freedom from foreign control faced an ideological dilemma. Many people recognized the strength of Western ideas and elements of Western culture and hoped to adopt some of these principles in the nationalist movement. Others believed that cultural preservation was the key to the movement’s success. Ultimately this and other major strategic differences would lead to a decade-long civil conflict.

According to the passage, what were two approaches to nationalism in China?

Some nationalists wanted to adopt Western ideas, and others did not.
Some nationalists wanted European rulers, and others did not.
Some nationalists wanted Chinese citizens to control the economy, and others did not.
Some nationalists dismissed all aspects of Chinese culture, and others did not.