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which fraction has the highest viscosity ​

Sagot :

Answer:

Properties of fractions

Properties of fractions

Each crude oil fraction contains a mixture of hydrocarbons. The hydrocarbons in a fraction are mostly hydrocarbons called alkanes. They have similar (but not identical):

  • numbers of hydrogen and carbon atoms in their molecules
  • boiling points
  • ease of ignition
  • viscosity

For example, the gases fraction contains hydrocarbons with one to four carbon atoms. These have:

  • boiling points below room temperature
  • they are very flammable
  • have a low viscosity

The hydrocarbons in different fractions differ in these properties. For example, the bitumen fraction contains hydrocarbons with more than 35 carbon atoms. These have:

  • boiling points well above room temperature
  • are very difficult to ignite
  • have a high viscosity

Hydrocarbon fuels can undergo complete combustion or incomplete combustion, depending on the amount of oxygen available.

Complete combustion

Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel happens when there is a good supply of air. Carbon and hydrogen atoms in the fuel react with oxygen in an exothermic reaction:

  • carbon dioxide and water are produced
  • the maximum amount of energy is given out
  • In a Bunsen burner, this occurs when the air hole is fully open.

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