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Answer:
Arcadia's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is 2 bushels of corn, and Felicidad's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of jeans is 4 bushels of corn. Therefore, Arcadia has a comparative advantage in the production of jeans, and Felicidad has a comparative advantage in the production of corn.
Suppose that each country completely specializes in the production of the good in which it has a comparative advantage, producing only that good. In this case, the country that produces jeans will produce 32 million pairs per week, and the country that produces corn will produce 80 million bushels per week.
When the two countries did not specialize, the total production of jeans was 23 million pairs per week, and the total production of corn was 68 million bushels per week. Because of specialization, the total production of jeans has increased by 9 million pairs per week, and the total production of corn has increased by 12 million bushels per week.
Because the two countries produce more jeans and more corn under specialization, each country is able to gain from trade.
Calculate the gains from trade—that is, the amount by which each country has increased its consumption of each good relative to the first row of the table. In the following table, enter this difference in the boxes across the last row (marked “Increase in Consumption”).
Arcadia Felicidad
Jeans Corn Jeans Corn
Without Trade
Production 8 48 15 20
Consumption 8 48 15 20
With Trade
Production 32 0 0 80
Trade action 15 48 15 48
Consumption 17 48 15 32
Gains from trade
Increase in 9 12
consumption
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