Options (B) and (D) are true statements that describe the data in the histogram are the correct answers.
What is a histogram?
A histogram is a visual way to display frequency data using bars. It is a chart that shows frequencies for intervals of values of a metric variable. It is a display of statistical information that uses rectangles to show the frequency of data items in successive numerical intervals of equal size.
For the given situation,
The histogram shows the scores on a recent science test.
We need to check the options, which statements describe the data.
Option A: Only two students scored less than 71 on the test.
There are four students scored less than 71.
So option A is false.
Option B: More than half of the students scored 81 or better on the test.
Students scored more than 81 = [tex]16+8[/tex]
⇒ [tex]24[/tex]
Total number of students = [tex]40[/tex]
Half of the students = [tex]\frac{40}{2}[/tex]
⇒ [tex]20[/tex]
Thus, [tex]24 > 20[/tex]
So option B is true.
Option C: More students scored between 91 and 100 on the test than scored between 71 and 80.
Students scored between 91 and 100 = [tex]8[/tex]
Students scored between 71 and 80 = 12
⇒ [tex]8 < 12[/tex]
So option C is false.
Option D: The same number of students scored between 81 and 90 on the test as scored between 61 and 80.
Students scored between 81 and 90 = [tex]16[/tex]
Students scored between 61 and 80 = [tex]4+12[/tex]
⇒ [tex]16[/tex]
Thus, [tex]16=16[/tex]
So, option D is true.
Option E: There were 12 students who scored 80 on the test.
The score range is between 71 to 80. So we could not predict the number of students who score 81.
So option E is false.
Hence we can conclude that options (B) and (D) are true statements that describe the data in the histogram are the correct answers.
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