Answer:
e. A matched pairs t-test for a mean difference
Step-by-step explanation:
When the observations from two samples are paired either naturally or by design we find the differences between the two observations of each pair.Treating the differences as a random sample from a normal population with mean ud= u1-u2 and unknwn standard deviation σd we perform one sample t- test on them. This is called the paired difference t- test or a paired t- test.
Suppose 10 young recruits are given a physical training by the Army . Their weights are recorded before and after the training. These observations constitutes natural pairing .
When we eliminate the undesireable sources of variation to take observations in pairs , this is called pairing by design.