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Rank the following solutions from lowest to highest vapor pressure.
Rank from lowest to highest. To rank items as equivalent, overlap them.
10.0 g of potassium acetate KC2H3O2 in 100.0 mL of water
20.0 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) in 100.0 mL of water
20.0 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in 100.0 mL of water

Sagot :

Solution :

When non volatile solute is added to solvent, vapor pressure gets lowered.

Relative lowering in vapor pressure is given :

[tex]$\frac{P^0-P}{P^0}$[/tex]   = [tex]$\text{mole fraction}$[/tex] of solute

[tex]$\frac{P^0-P}{P^0}=x_B$[/tex]

[tex]$P^0$[/tex] = vapor pressure of pure solvent

P = vapor pressure of solution

[tex]$x_B$[/tex] = mole fraction of solute

[tex]$x_B=\frac{n_B}{n_A+n_B}$[/tex]

[tex]$n_B $[/tex] = [tex]$\text{number of moles of solute}$[/tex]

[tex]$n_A$[/tex] = [tex]$\text{number of moles of solvent}$[/tex]

Number of moles [tex]$=\frac{\text{weight}}{\text{molecular weight}}$[/tex]

[tex]$\frac{P^0-P}{P^0}=\frac{w_B/M_B}{w_A/M_A+w_B/M_B}$[/tex]

            [tex]$\approx \frac{w_B/M_B}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

1. For 10 g of [tex]$CH_3COOK$[/tex]

         [tex]$CH_3COOK \rightarrow CH_3COO^- + K^+$[/tex]

  Ions = 2

It will affect colligative property.

[tex]$\frac{P^0-P}{P^0} = \frac{i \times 10/98}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

Relative lowering in vapor pressure will be :

[tex]$=\frac{2 \times 10/98}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

[tex]$=\frac{0.20}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

2. For 20 g sucrose

Sucrose is non electrolyte, i = 1

[tex]$\frac{P^0-P}{P^0} = \frac{ 20/342}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

            [tex]$=\frac{0.050}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

3. For 20 g of glucose.

   Glucose is a non electrolyte, i = 1

   [tex]$\frac{P^0-P}{P^0} = \frac{20/180}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

               [tex]$=\frac{0.11}{w_A/M_A}$[/tex]

[tex]$w_A/M_A$[/tex] is same in all three solutions.

Hence, lowering in vapor pressure is maximum in [tex]$CH_3COOK$[/tex] and minimum is Sucrose.

Vapor pressure from lowest to highest.

10 g of [tex]$CH_3COOK$[/tex] < 20 g of glucose < 20 g of sucrose

               

The pressure exerted by vapor to the other gas is called vapor pressure.

The formula used to solve the question is as follows:-

[tex]\frac{P^o -P}{P^o}[/tex]

The water vapor depends on the following:-

  • Water pressure
  • Temperature.

After solving the equation, the correct sequence is as follows:-

[tex]CH_3COOK > GLUCOSE > SUCROSE[/tex]

For more information, refer to the link:-

https://brainly.com/question/22810476

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