Answer:
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/evidence-of-evolution/
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Preservation of remains in amber or other substances is the rarest from of fossilization; this mechanism allows scientists to study the skin, hair, and organs of ancient creatures.
Permineralization, where minerals like silica fill the empty spaces of shells, is the most common form of fossilization.
Molds form when shells or bones dissolve, leaving behind an empty depression; a cast is then formed when the depression is filled by sediment.
Replacement occurs when the original shell or bone dissolves away and is replaced by a different mineral; when this occurs with permineralization, it is called petrification.
In compression, the most common form of fossilization of leaves and ferns, a dark imprint of the fossil remains.
Decay, chemical weathering, erosion, and predators are factors that deter fossilization.
Fossilization of soft body parts is rare, and hard parts are better preserved when buried.
Key Terms
amber: a hard, generally yellow to brown translucent fossil resin
permineralization: form of fossilization in which minerals are deposited in the pores of bone and similar hard animal parts
petrification: process by which organic material is converted into stone through the replacement of the original material and the filling of the original pore spaces with minerals
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