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During meiosis, homologous chromosomes line up next to each other. In some
cases, one arm of a chromatid crosses over the arm of another chromatid. What is
the result of this process?
the independent assortment of genetic material
the creation of an additional sex cell
continuity in the offspring cell's DNA
additional variation in the DNA of each sex cell formed

Sagot :

Additional variation in the DNA of each sex cell formed

This is known as Crossing Over and results in further variation in offspring

Crossing over is a mechanisms involved in introducing genetic variation. When the arm of a chromatid crosses over the arm of another chromatid, it results in additional variation in the DNA of each sex cell formed. Option D.

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Crossing-over between homologous chromosomes (prophase 1), the random lining of homologous chromosomes (metaphase 1), and random fertilization are the mechanisms involved in genetic variation.

The Crossing-over events occur between two homologous chromosomes in the equatorial plane and make the daughter cells genetically different from the original one.

The Chiasma is the position where two homologous chromatids interchange genetic information, giving a place for new genetic material or information to be provided to descendants.

After crossing over, homologous chromosomes get separated again.  

So, according to this information, when the arm of a chromatid crosses over the arm of another chromatid, it results in additional variation in the DNA of each sex cell formed.

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