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West Africa has experienced a surge in economic growth since the early 1990s. Since 2000 its collective GDP has risen from $105bn to more than $659bn in 2020. The economic growth in East Africa is positively contributing to development in Africa overall. The rapid spread of the internet across the African continent has been heralded as a key driver of prosperity and a sign of the continent's technological coming of age. Today, at least a quarter of the population has internet access, a nearly fifty-fold increase in internet usage since the turn of the millennium. It is perceived that economic nationalism has slowed the meteoric rise of global trade. Since the Uruguay Round created the World Trade Organization in 1995, trade of goods and services has become a dominant feature in global economic growth. As a result, hundreds of millions of people in developing countries have graduated from subsistence living to middle class status. The accession of China into the World Trade Organization in 2001 accelerated both the volume and character of global trade.
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