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Suppose you are titrating an acid solution with a base solution of known concentration. To calculate the concentration of the acid solution, use three steps. 1. Use the -------------- { (a) delivered volume (b) volume reading} of base --------------- { (a) after (b) to reach (c) before} the endpoint and the known concentration of the base solution to find the ------------ { (a) moles (b) mass (c) concentration} of base used. 2. Use the ------------ { (a) molar mass (b) dilution equation (c) molar ratio} to find the moles of acid from the moles of base. 3. Divide the moles of acid by the volume of -------------- { (a) base solution before (b) acid solution before (c) acid solution after} the titration to find the concentration of acid.

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Answer:

1. (a) delivered volume, (b) to reach, (a) moles

2. (c) molar ratio

3. (b) acid solution before.

Explanation:

1. You must titrate the acid with a base solution of known concentration, and use the (a) delivered volume. At the endpoint, the moles of acid and base in the titration follows the chemical equation, thus, you need (b) to reach the endpoint. With volume and concentration of the base we can find its (a) moles

2. With the (c) molar ratio, we can relate the moles of base with the moles of acid

3. When we have the moles of acid, we just need the volume of (b) acid solution before the titration to find molarity of the acid.

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