Commercial fishing has long been one of the major industries of a coastal state. To protect the fishing industry and to promote the general welfare of the state's citizens, the legislature of the state enacted statutes requiring licenses for commercial fishing. An applicant for the license must pay a $300 fee and establish that he has been engaged in commercial fishing in the waters of the state for 10 years. A commercial fisherman residing in a neighboring state frequently takes his fishing boat up the coast. His favorite spot is approximately two miles off the coast of the legislating state.

If the commercial fisherman challenges the constitutionality of the legislating state's statutes, should the court find the statutes constitutional?
A. Yes, because Congress has not enacted legislation regarding the subject matter of the statutes.
B. Yes, because economic and social regulations are presumed valid.
C. No, because less restrictive means are available.
D. No, because Congress has exclusive power to regulate foreign commerce, which includes commercial ocean fishing.