Document 1
Theodore M. Brown and Elizabeth Fee, writing for the American Public Health Association, provide the following description of a photograph similar to the one pictured below:
Gandhi’s manner of dress and commitment to hand spinning were essential elements of his philosophy and politics. He chose the traditional loincloth as a rejection of Western culture and a symbolic identification with the poor of India. His personal choice became a powerful political gesture as he urged his more privileged followers to copy his example and discard—or even burn—their European-style clothing and return with pride to their ancient, precolonial culture.





Document 2
Before the Turkish “Hat Law” was passed In 1925, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk gave a speech now known as “The Hat Sermon” during which he argued in support of ideas that would later lead to the “Hat Law.” The speech was given in a Turkish town the inhabitants of which Atatürk refers to as “masters,” which is how he customarily referred to most audiences. During the speech he placed a top hat on his head when stating “Here it is.”
The people who constitute the Turkish nation are a civilized bunch. It is historically and essentially civilized. But I have to inform you, as a brother of yours, as your friend and as your father … that members of the Turkish nation who call themselves civilized must prove and show that they are intellectually civilized as well. They must show how civilized they are through their family life and lifestyles.
Is our dress nationalistic? Is our dress civilized and universal?
Does it make sense to daub [coat] a very precious jewel with mud? If there is a jewel inside the mud then we need to wipe away the mud in order to reveal the jewel; this is only natural and necessary.
We shall wear Oxford shoes or alternately, ankle shoes from now on; and trousers, waistcoats, shirts, ties, removable collars, jackets and most naturally, hats. This is something like a redingote, a bonjour, a smoking coat, a frock. Here it is.
Some people say it is not lawful to wear it. And I say to them you are absent minded and ignorant!





Identify a similarity or a difference between the events, ideas, or historical developments presented in documents 1 and 2.