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Sagot :
Answer:
0.7513 = 75.13% probability that no more than 1 employee was over 50
Step-by-step explanation:
The employees are chosen from the sample without replacement, which means that the hypergeometric distribution is used to solve this question.
Hypergeometric distribution:
The probability of x successes is given by the following formula:
[tex]P(X = x) = h(x,N,n,k) = \frac{C_{k,x}*C_{N-k,n-x}}{C_{N,n}}[/tex]
In which:
x is the number of successes.
N is the size of the population.
n is the size of the sample.
k is the total number of desired outcomes.
Combinations formula:
[tex]C_{n,x}[/tex] is the number of different combinations of x objects from a set of n elements, given by the following formula.
[tex]C_{n,x} = \frac{n!}{x!(n-x)!}[/tex]
In this question:
4 + 16 = 20 employees, which means that [tex]N = 20[/tex]
4 over 50, which means that [tex]k = 4[/tex]
5 were dismissed, which means that [tex]n = 5[/tex]
What is the probability that no more than 1 employee was over 50?
Probability of at most one over 50, which is:
[tex]P(X \leq 1) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1)[/tex]
In which
[tex]P(X = x) = h(x,N,n,k) = \frac{C_{k,x}*C_{N-k,n-x}}{C_{N,n}}[/tex]
[tex]P(X = 0) = h(0,20,5,4) = \frac{C_{4,0}*C_{16,5}}{C_{20,5}} = 0.2817[/tex]
[tex]P(X = 1) = h(1,20,5,4) = \frac{C_{4,1}*C_{16,4}}{C_{20,5}} = 0.4696[/tex]
Then
[tex]P(X \leq 1) = P(X = 0) + P(X = 1) = 0.2817 + 0.4696 = 0.7513[/tex]
0.7513 = 75.13% probability that no more than 1 employee was over 50
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