Physiology of the respiratory system is a follows:-
- As a person inhales, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward.
- The space left in the chest allows the lungs to expand.
- Muscles in the ribs also help enlarge the chest cavity, pulling the rib cage upward and outward.
- Once the lungs expand, air moves in through the nose and mouth.
- The air travels down the trachea and into the lungs, allowing a person to breathe.
- The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs before exhalation.
- When a person exhales, the diaphragm relaxes, the lungs recoil, and the air moves out of the lungs.
Ventilation is commonly referred to as breathing.
- It is the process of air flowing into the lungs during inspiration and out of the lungs during expiration.
- The air moves through the passages because of pressure gradients that are produced by contraction of the diaphragm and thoracic muscles.
- Individual alveoli have variable degrees of ventilation and perfusion in different regions of the lungs.
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