To calculate the density of a substance, its mass and volume has to be determined. So that:
i. For the milk in the carton, its mass and volume should be known.
ii. For the two objects given in the question, their individual masses and volumes have to be determined.
Density of a substance (ρ) is the rate of the mass (m) of the substance to its volume (V). It is measure in kg/[tex]m^{3}[/tex].
i.e ρ = [tex]\frac{m}{V}[/tex]
The density of a substance can be determined once the mass and its volume have been accurately measured.
1. How to measure the density of the contents of a milk carton.
a. Determine the mass of the milk carton with its content.
b. Determine the mass of the milk carton when empty.
c. Subtract the mass of the milk carton when empty from the mass of the carton with its content. This will give the mass of the milk in the carton.
d. Using a beaker, measure the volume of the milk.
e. Divide the mass of the milk by its volume to determine its density.
2. How to measure the densities of two objects of equal mass.
a. Fill an Eureka's can or a beaker with sprout with water to its brim.
b. Slowly drop the mass into the beaker with water so as to collect the volume of the liquid displaced into another beaker.
c. The volume of the liquid displaced is the volume of the mass.
d. Divide the mass of the object by its volume to determine its density.
NB: These procedures are observed to determine the densities of the two object individually.
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