In the experiment given the Independent variable is the type of Agar. The control variable is the type of bacteria (E.Coli) and finally, the dependant variable is the growth rate of the bacteria.
When creating an experiment to test a hypothesis, we can identify three kinds of variables
The dependent variable is what we are trying to measure, it is the entire reason for performing the experiment. In this case, the dependent variable is bacterial growth. The word "affect" can be used as a context clue to identify that we will be measuring bacterial growth, and therefore to identify this as the dependent variable.
The Independent variable is one that will not change in reaction to the others. In this example, it is the type of agar that is used in each dish. We can identify this as the independent variable because once chosen, the type of agar will not change even if the other variables do.
The control variable is the E.Coli, we can infer this because when creating an experiment, the control variable is one that will remain the same throughout all of the cases studied. This is done so that in the presence of a change we can isolate the cause of said change. If the bacteria grow faster we will know it was because of the type of agar.
Therefore given what we now know about variables we can identify that the independent variable is the type of agar, while the control variable is the type of bacteria (E.Coli) and finally, the dependant variable is the growth rate of the bacteria.
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