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Area of the bounded curves y=x^2, y=√(7+x)

Sagot :

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Answer:

[tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx = 5.74773[/tex]

General Formulas and Concepts:

Calculus

Differentiation

  • Derivatives
  • Derivative Notation

Derivative Property [Addition/Subtraction]:                                                         [tex]\displaystyle \frac{d}{dx}[f(x) + g(x)] = \frac{d}{dx}[f(x)] + \frac{d}{dx}[g(x)][/tex]  

Basic Power Rule:

  1. f(x) = cxⁿ
  2. f’(x) = c·nxⁿ⁻¹

Integration

  • Integrals

Integration Rule [Reverse Power Rule]:                                                               [tex]\displaystyle \int {x^n} \, dx = \frac{x^{n + 1}}{n + 1} + C[/tex]

Integration Rule [Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 1]:                                     [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^b_a {f(x)} \, dx = F(b) - F(a)[/tex]

Integration Property [Addition/Subtraction]:                                                       [tex]\displaystyle \int {[f(x) \pm g(x)]} \, dx = \int {f(x)} \, dx \pm \int {g(x)} \, dx[/tex]

U-Substitution

Area of a Region Formula:                                                                                     [tex]\displaystyle A = \int\limits^b_a {[f(x) - g(x)]} \, dx[/tex]

Step-by-step explanation:

Step 1: Define

[tex]\displaystyle \left \{ {{y = x^2} \atop {y = \sqrt{7 + x}}} \right.[/tex]

Step 2: Identify

Graph the systems of equations - see attachment.

Top Function:  [tex]\displaystyle y = \sqrt{7 + x}[/tex]

Bottom Function:  [tex]\displaystyle y = x^2[/tex]

Bounds of Integration: [-1.529, 1.718]

Step 3: Integrate Pt. 1

  1. Substitute in variables [Area of a Region Formula]:                 ��                 [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx[/tex]
  2. [Integral] Rewrite [Integration Property - Addition/Subtraction]:               [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx= \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x}} \, dx - \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {x^2} \, dx[/tex]
  3. [Right Integral] Integration Rule [Reverse Power Rule]:                             [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx= \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x}} \, dx - \frac{x^3}{3} \bigg| \limits^{1.718}_{-1.529}[/tex]
  4. Evaluate [Integration Rule - Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 1]:           [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx= \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x}} \, dx - 2.88176[/tex]

Step 4: Integrate Pt. 2

Identify variables for u-substitution.

  1. Set u:                                                                                                             [tex]\displaystyle u = 7 + x[/tex]
  2. [u] Basic Power Rule [Derivative Rule - Addition/Subtraction]:                 [tex]\displaystyle du = dx[/tex]
  3. [Limits] Switch:                         ��                                                                     [tex]\displaystyle \left \{ {{x = 1.718 ,\ u = 7 + 1.718 = 8.718} \atop {x = -1.529 ,\ u = 7 - 1.529 = 5.471}} \right.[/tex]

Step 5: Integrate Pt. 3

  1. [Integral] U-Substitution:                                                                               [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx= \int\limits^{8.718}_{5.471} {\sqrt{u}} \, du - 2.88176[/tex]
  2. [Integral] Integration Rule [Reverse Power Rule]:                                       [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx = \frac{2x^\Big{\frac{3}{2}}}{3} \bigg| \limits^{8.718}_{5.471} - 2.88176[/tex]
  3. Evaluate [Integration Rule - Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 1]:           [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx = 8.62949 - 2.88176[/tex]
  4. Simplify:                                                                                                         [tex]\displaystyle \int\limits^{1.718}_{-1.529} {\sqrt{7 + x} - x^2} \, dx = 5.74773[/tex]

Topic: AP Calculus AB/BC (Calculus I/I + II)

Unit: Integration

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