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Evaluate each of the following expressions by using special right triangles and the unit circle (give exact values),
a. sin(4pi/3)
b. cos(11pi/3)
c. sin ( -5pi/6 )
d. cos (-2pi/3)


Sagot :

Using equivalent and fundamenta. angles, we find that:

a) [tex]\sin{\left(\frac{4\pi}{3}\right)} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}[/tex]

b) [tex]\cos{\left(\frac{11\pi}{3}\right)} = \frac{1}{2}[/tex]

c) [tex]\sin{\left(-\frac{5\pi}{3}\right)} = -\frac{1}{2}[/tex]

d) [tex]\cos{\left(-\frac{2\pi}{3}\right)} = -\frac{1}{2}[/tex]

Item a:

[tex]\frac{4\pi}{3}[/tex] is an angle in the third quadrant, as [tex]\pi < \frac{4\pi}{3} < \frac{3\pi}{2}[/tex]

It's equivalent in the first quadrant is: [tex]\frac{4\pi}{3} - \pi = \frac{\pi}{3}[/tex], which is a fundamental angle, which means that it's values of sine, cosine and tangent are known.

Sine in the third quadrant is negative, while in the first is positive, thus:

[tex]\sin{\left(\frac{4\pi}{3}\right)} = -\sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)} = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}[/tex]

Item b:

[tex]\frac{11\pi}{3} = 2\pi + \frac{5\pi}{3}[/tex]

Thus, it is equivalent to an angle of [tex]\frac{5\pi}{3}[/tex], which is in the fourth quadrant.

It's equivalent on the first quadrant is:

[tex]2\pi - \frac{5\pi}{3} = \frac{\pi}{3}[/tex]

Cosine in the fourth quadrant is positive, just as in the first, thus:

[tex]\cos{\left(\frac{11\pi}{3}\right)} = \cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)} = \frac{1}{2}[/tex]

Item c:

[tex]2\pi - \frac{5\pi}{6} = \frac{7\pi}{6}[/tex]

Which is a angle in the third quadrant.

It's equivalent in the first is:

[tex]\frac{7\pi}{6} - \pi = \frac{\pi}{6}[/tex]

Sine in the third quadrant is negative, while in the first is positive, thus:

[tex]\sin{\left(-\frac{5\pi}{6}\right)} = \sin{\left(\frac{7\pi}{6}\right)} = -\sin{\left(\frac{\pi}{6}\right)} = -\frac{1}{2}[/tex]

Item d:

[tex]2\pi - \frac{2\pi}{3} = \frac{4\pi}{3}[/tex]

Which is in the third quadrant.

Cosine in the third quadrant is negative, while in the first is positive, thus:

[tex]\cos{\left(\frac{-2\pi}{3}\right)} = \cos{\left(\frac{4\pi}{3}\right)} = -\cos{\left(\frac{\pi}{3}\right)} = -\frac{1}{2}[/tex]

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