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Sagot :
Answer:
Heating coal, in the absence of air, is known as destructive distillation of coal. It yields various useful products like coke, coal gas, coal tar, and ammoniacal liquor.
Explanation:
Coal:-
Coal is a fossil fuel. It is black in colour and hard as a stone. It has formed over a period of millions of years, by the gradual decay and compression of buried remains of ancient forests.
Destructive distillation of coal :-
Destructive distillation of coal is carried out by heating coal strongly to 1000°C in the absence of air. It yields various useful organic and inorganic products. These products are as follows:-
Coke:
The residue left behind when Destructive distillation of coal is carried out is coke. It is an almost pure form of carbon. It is a good fuel and burns with no smoke. It is also used to reduce metal oxides, such as iron and zinc oxides, to get the metals.
Coal gas:
It is mixture of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and other gases. It was earlier used for domestic cooking and lighting, but is not much used now.
Coal tar:
Coal tar is a thick viscous liquid mainly used for road construction. It contains several carbon compounds. it is is also used to many pesticides, explosives, synthetic fibres, perfumes, naphthalene balls to repel moths and insects, dyes and paints. however, today these compounds are mostly obtained from Petroleum
Ammonium compounds:
These are given off during the destructive distillation of coal. when dissolved in water, they give Ammonial liquor. It is used for making nitrogenous fertilizers.
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