A relation is any set of ordered pairs, which can be thought of as (input, output).
A function is a relation in which NO two ordered pairs have the same first component and different second components.
The set of first components (x-coordinates) in the ordered pairs is the DOMAIN of the relation.
The set of second components (y-coordinates) is the RANGE of the relation.
Part 1:
Domain: {-1, 1, 3, 6}
Range: {2, 2, 2, 2}
Part 2:
To determine whether the given relation represents a function, look at the given relation and ask yourself, “Does every first element (or input) correspond with EXACTLY ONE second element (or output)?”
Remember that a function can only take on 1 output for each input.
It helps to plot the points on the graph and perform the Vertical Line Test (VLT):
The Vertical Line Test allows us to know whether or not a graph is actually a function. If a vertical line intersects the graph in all places at exactly one point, then the relation is a function.
As you can see in the attached screenshot, every vertical line drawn only has 1 point in it. This means that each x-value corresponds to exactly one y-value. The given relation passed the VLT. Therefore, the relation is a function.
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