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Classify each RNA post-transcription processing event according to whether it occurs in prokaryotes or eukaryotes.
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
The primary RNA molecule is transcribed and translated in
the cytoplasm.
The final mRNA is transported to the cytoplasm for translation
Introns are excised from the pre-mRNA molecule, which removes
noncoding sequences
A 3' poly-A tail is added to the pre-mRNA molecule.
Transcription produces an mRNA molecule that is ready for
immediate translation
The pre-mRNA molecule is proofread for errors and corrected
before translation

Sagot :

luisvaschetto

'RNA is transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm', 'transcription produces an mRNA ready for translation' and 'RNA is proofread for errors' occur in prokaryotes, whereas '5′ cap, 3' poly-(A) tail and RNA splicing' occur in eukaryotes.

The prokaryotic cells (e.g., bacterial cells) do not contain cell nuclei, thereby the messenger RNA (mRNA) must be transcribed and translated in the cytoplasm.

During prokaryotic transcription, the RNA transcript is proofread for errors. In bacteria, DNA polymerases proofread the transcript by using their 3’ → 5’ exonuclease activity.

In eukaryotic cells, RNA processing consists of several mechanisms:

  • A 7-methylguanosine cap (5′ cap) is added to the 5′ end of the precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).

  • A 3' poly-Adenine (A) tail is added to the 3' end of the pre-mRNA.

  • Both the 5′ cap and 3' poly-(A) tail protect the RNA transcript from its degradation by exonucleases.

  • Eukaryotic RNA splicing consists of the removal of non-coding regions called 'introns' and subsequent splicing of the protein-coding regions called 'exons'.

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