Step-by-step explanation:
probability is
number of desired cases / number of possible cases.
so, to roll a number less than 4 with a regular cube means to roll a maximum of 3.
the desired outcomes are therefore 1, 2 and 3.
there are overall 6 possible outcomes.
so the probability to roll less than a 4 is
3/6 = 1/2
to flip a coin has 2 possible outcomes, and we look only at heads as did desired outcome.
the probability to get heads is
1/2
now, we need to combine both.
to roll less than a 4 AND to get heads.
as long as there is no overlap in both events (which there is not here), we simply multiply both probabilities :
1/2 × 1/2 = 1/4
1/4 is the probabilty to roll a number less than 4 and to get heads on the coin.