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How did Teddy Roosevelt and his policies when it came to foreign nations?
Philippines
Roosevelt inherited the rule of the Philippines, an Asian island country. During the Spanish-American War, the US took possession of the archipelago. The first civilian governor of the islands, William Howard Taft, suggested establishing a civil government with an elected legislative assembly. The Taft administration's draft included a governor-general, independent judiciary, and legislative assembly.
Panama Canal
Roosevelt's most stunning foreign policy achievement was the Panama Canal. US Navy chiefs hoped to establish an Atlantic-Pacific tunnel across Central America for years. During the Spanish-American War, American ships in the Pacific traveled two months across South America to join the US navy near Cuba. Through 1901, the US sought British cooperation for an American-controlled canal to be built in Nicaragua or via Colombian-owned Panama. The Senate authorized a route via Panama, subject to Colombian ratification. When Colombia refused to sign the pact, the US-backed a Panamanian revolution with money and a naval blockade, preventing Colombian forces from entering Panama. The Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty with Panama provided the US everlasting possession of the canal for $10 million-plus $250,000.
Roosevelt became the first US President to leave the nation while in office when he visited Panama in 1906 to see the canal being built. He wanted to see one of the world's greatest engineering marvels. Thirty thousand employees worked ten-hour days for ten years to create the $400 million canal, allowing American authorities to combat the Yellow Fever plague that decimated many canal workers. The Panama Canal opened in 1914, and by 1925, almost 5,000 commerce ships had passed through the forty kilometers of locks. It cut the trip from San Francisco to New York by almost 8,000 miles. They once operated and built the canal, advanced American technology, and engineering expertise. Thus, the US became the dominant military power in Central America due to this initiative.
Roosevelt Corollary
During his first administration, Roosevelt spent much time and attention on Latin America. In 1902, Germany and Britain launched ships to blockade Venezuela's coast. They gave Venezuela money that the ruler refused to return. Roosevelt was enraged by Germany and Britain's activities, despite their assurances to the Americans that they had no territorial ambitions in Venezuela. Santo Domingo (today Dominican Republic) has issues with Europe. A debt-ridden Latin American country has again resorted to European investors to collect money. To avert possible European military action, Roosevelt authorized an American collector to take possession of the customs buildings and collect duties.
Roosevelt established the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine during the Santo Domingo conflict. This doctrine was proclaimed in 1823. Roosevelt knew that if Western Hemisphere countries didn't address chronic issues like debt repayment, they'd become targets of European ingenuity. Defending regional stability, the President prepared his result: the US will intervene in any Latin American nation experiencing severe economic challenges. The result declared the US the Western Hemisphere's "policeman," a policy that enraged Latin America.
Great White Fleet
Roosevelt felt a big and powerful Navy was crucial to national security because it deterred attackers. He expanded the US Navy's fleet and enlisted personnel during his presidency by pushing Congress to add battleships to the fleet. In 1907, he suggested a globe tour for the fleet. He wanted to show off the "Great White Fleet" and impress other nations with American naval force; he wanted the Navy to traverse the globe, and he wanted home support for his naval program. A fleet of sixteen battleships departed Hampton Roads, Virginia, in December 1907, returning 14 months later in February 1909.
Did they expand our influence in any way?
The Monroe Doctrine, first articulated by President James Monroe in 1823, stated that the United States would refrain from interfering in the wars between or internal affairs of European powers. It would also recognize and respect existing European colonies and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere. However, the doctrine said that the Western Hemisphere was no longer available to colonization and that any effort by a European power to oppress or rule any nation in the Western Hemisphere would be seen as a hostile act against the US. Beginning in the 1870s, the Monroe Doctrine's interpretation grew wider, and as the US became a global power, the doctrine evolved to establish a recognized sphere of influence.
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