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Answer:
HIV can affect anyone regardless of sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, gender, age, or where they live. However, certain groups of people in the United States are more likely to get HIV than others because of particular factors, including the communities in which they live, what subpopulations they belong to, and their risk behaviors.
Communities. When you live in a community where many people have HIV infection, the chance of being exposed to HIV by having s.ex or sharing needles or other injection equipment with someone who has HIV is higher. You can use CDC’s HIV, STD, hepatitis, and tuberculosis Atlas Plus to see the percentage of people with HIV (“prevalence”) in different U.S. counties and states, as well as other data. Within any community, the prevalence of HIV can vary among different subpopulations.
Subpopulations. In the United States, ga.y, bi.se.xual, and other men who have s.ex with men are the population most affected by HIV. According to CDC, in 2018, gay and bisexual men accounted for 69% of new HIV diagnoses. By race/ethnicity, Blacks/African Americans and Hispanics/Latinos are disproportionately affected by HIV compared to other racial and ethnic groups. Also, transgender women who have s.ex with men are among the groups at highest risk for HIV infection, and injection drug users remain at significant risk for getting HIV.
Explanation:
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Anyone can contract HIV but some populations bear an especially heavy burden and account for the largest numbers of HIV infections. Success in HIV prevention can only be achieved by addressing these disparities and working to achieve health equity. Hard-hit populations include:
G.ay and bi.se.xual men of all races and ethnicity remain the group most severely and disproportionately affected by the epidemic. Men who have s.ex with men (MSM*) account for just a small fraction (2 percent) of the total U.S. population,yet nearly two-thirds of all new infections occurres within this group. MSM within ethnic minority populations are at greatest risk.
Ethnic Minorities populations shows disproportionately high rates of new HIV infection. African- Americans account for a higher proportion of HIV infections than any other population at all stages of the disease from initial infection to death. Moreover, specific minority subgroups are at particular risk (Black/African-American, Hispanic/Latino, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and Native American/ Hawaiian).
Injection drug users (IDUs) represented approximately one-third of AIDS cases in the United States. While there may be fewer new infections among IDUs, in recent times, nearly one-half of those who were HIV+ were unaware they were infected.
Transgender individuals are heavily affected by HIV. A recent study of HIV among male-to-female women found that, on average, 28 percent tested positive for HIV.
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