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Suppose that a ball decelerates from 8.0 m/s to a stop as it rolls up a hill, losing 10% of its kinetic energy to friction. Determine how far vertically up the hill the ball reaches when it stops. Show your work.

Sagot :

leena

Hi there!

Assuming the ball is hollow and spherical:

[tex]I = \frac{2}{3}MR^2[/tex]

Since the ball is both rolling and moving linearly, the total kinetic energy is comprised of both ROTATIONAL and TRANSLATIONAL kinetic energy.

[tex]KE_T = KE_R + KE_{TR}[/tex]

Recall the equations for both:

[tex]KE_{TR} = \frac{1}{2}mv^2\\\\KE_R = \frac{1}{2}I\omega^2[/tex]

We can rewrite the rotational kinetic energy using linear velocity using the following relation:

[tex]\omega = \frac{v}{r}[/tex]

[tex]KE_R = \frac{1}{2}(\frac{2}{3}mR^2(\frac{v^2}{R^2}))\\\\KE_R = \frac{1}{3}mv^2[/tex]

We can now represent the situation as a summation of energies:

[tex].9(KE_R + KE_{TR}) = PE\\\\.9(\frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{3}mv^2) = mgh \\\\.9(\frac{5}{6}mv^2) = mgh[/tex]

Cancel out the mass and rearrange to solve for height:

[tex]\frac{3}{4}v^2 = gh \\\\h = \frac{3v^2}{4g}[/tex]

Plug in the given velocity and g = 9.8 m/s².

[tex]h = \frac{3(8^2)}{4(9.8)} \approx \boxed{4.9 m}[/tex]