The sky turns orange because the light beam that comes from the sun, which is on the horizon, needs to cross a much greater thickness, and in this way, the Rayleigh scattering ends up removing the light with a:
When the light beam passes through the layer of air near the surface, it encounters suspended particles much larger than an oxygen molecule. These "large" particles begin to scatter the orange and red tones that fill the sky at the horizon when the sun is setting.
What explains the orange and reddish hues of the evening is the theory known as Mie scattering. In this case, the interaction of light with the atmosphere has no wavelength preference like Rayleigh scattering, and does not scatter all over the place, but rather forwards. The sunset color we are used to is the result of these two light sources, in a mixture that produces a blue to orange/red gradient. These colors are stronger the more aerosols or suspended particles you encounter in your path. Pollution, by placing these spreaders in the atmosphere, contributes to a redder or orange evening.
An essay can be carried out using the phenomenon that is also seen in the illusions of the existence of water puddles on roads in hot and dry days, in the same way as they occur in desert mirages. All these facts are explained based on the variation in the refractive index of atmospheric air with temperature.
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