A, the total number of valence electron is 24 for Silicon Tetrachloride , SiCl₄ .
In Lewis Dot structure S=N-A is used to calculate the total number of shared and unshared electrons in a molecule.
S is the number of shared electrons ,N is the number of total valence shell electrons required by all the atom of the molecule, A is the total number of valence electrons available from all the atoms in the molecule
For SiCl₄,
• We have to first count the valence electron on each atom that is coming to form a molecule .
Valence electron on Si = 4
Valence Electron on Cl = 7
Total valence electron on SiCl₄ = 4+ 4 * 7 = 32
• Then we find the least electronegative atom in the molecule and place it at the center , In SiCl₄ , Si has 1.8 and Cl has 3.16 and so Si is placed at the center and four Cl atoms are connected with a single bond
• A single bond takes up 2 valence electron and so for four bonds 8 valence electrons have been occupied , so we are left with 32-8=24 valence electrons.
Therefore In the Lewis Dot structure S=N-A , Total number of valence electrons available from all the atoms in molecule of SiCl₄ is 24.
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