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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry and the ideal gas law, 22.84 L of hydrogen gas at 27°c and 680 torr is produced in the reaction of 15 g Al metal with excess hydrochloric acid to produce AlCl₃ and H₂.
Reaction stoichiometry
In first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 Al + 6 HCl → 2 AlCl₃ + 3 H₂
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
- Al: 2 moles
- HCl: 6 moles
- AlCl₃: 2 mole
- H₂: 3 moles
The molar mass of the compounds is:
- Al: 27 g/mole
- HCl: 36.45 g/mole
- AlCl₃: 133.35 g/mole
- H₂: 2 g/mole
Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
- Al: 2 moles× 27 g/mole= 54 grams
- HCl: 6 moles× 36.45 g/mole= 218.7 grams
- AlCl₃: 2 moles× 133.35 g/mole= 266.7 grams
- H₂: 3 moles× 2 g/mole= 6 grams
Number of moles of H₂ produced
The following rule of three can be applied: If by stoichiometry of the reaction 54 grams of Al produces 3 moles of H₂, 15 grams of Al produces how many moles of H₂?
[tex]moles of H_{2} =\frac{15 grams of Alx3 moles of H_{2} }{54 grams of Al}[/tex]
moles of H₂= 0.83 moles
Ideal gas law
An ideal gas is characterized by three state variables: absolute pressure (P), volume (V), and absolute temperature (T). The relationship between them constitutes the ideal gas law, an equation that relates the three variables if the amount of substance, number of moles n, remains constant and where R is the molar constant of gases:
P×V = n×R×T
Volume of hydrogen gas
In this case, you know:
- P= 680 torr
- V= ?
- n=0.83 moles
- R= 62.364 [tex]\frac{torr L}{mol K}[/tex]
- T= 27 C= 300 K (being 0 C= 273 K)
Replacing in the ideal gas:
680 torr×V = 0.83 moles×62.364 [tex]\frac{torr L}{mol K}[/tex]×300 K
Solving:
V= (0.83 moles×62.364 [tex]\frac{torr L}{mol K}[/tex]×300 K)÷ 680 torr
V= 22.84 L
Finally, 22.84 L of hydrogen gas at 27°c and 680 torr is produced in the reaction of 15 g Al metal with excess hydrochloric acid to produce AlCl₃ and H₂.
Learn more about
the reaction stoichiometry:
brainly.com/question/24741074
brainly.com/question/24653699
ideal gas law:
https://brainly.com/question/4147359?referrer=searchResults
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