Answer:
B) agriculture
Explanation:
The Song dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279.
This module was developed and utilized for a seventh-grade world history and geography class. It is designed to teach the Tennessee state social studies standard 7.03—"Summarize agricultural, commercial, and technological developments during the Song dynasties, and describe the role of Confucianism during the Song.” However, the module is suitable for a variety of social studies classes (grades sixth through ninth) that include Chinese history.
Estimated module length: Approximately three fifty-five-minute classes
Overview
The reorganization of China under the Song dynasty (960–1279 CE) set the stage for economic growth that propelled Song China into becoming the richest country in the world during the early part of the eleventh century. Despite the fact that the dynasty lost northern China to non-Chinese invaders, prosperity continued during the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279 CE). Technological advancements were significant and helped change China and the world. Just a few of these advancements included improvements in agriculture, development of moveable type, uses for gunpowder, invention of a mechanical clock, superior shipbuilding, the use of paper money, compass navigation, and porcelain production. Technological advancements, domestic and international trade, and effective government influenced and advanced Chinese society, resulting in a population explosion during the Song dynasty.
This module is designed to be implemented during the teaching of an imperial China or East Asia unit.
Develop contextual understanding of the Song dynasty through contrasting the Song with the Tang, another earlier great earlier dynasty.
Demonstrate an understanding of the influences of Song dynasty technologies, commerce, and trade on Chinese and world history in the tenth through thirteenth centuries.
Investigate individual technological innovations during the Song dynasty.
Design and present multimedia presentations describing the influence and importance of technologies created during the Song dynasty.
Interpret and explain the cumulative effects and influences Song dynasty advancements made on China and the world we live in today.
Emperor Taizu (Zhao Kuangyin) was a military general who conquered numerous Chinese territories, in effect reunifying China. This resulted in ending the unstable Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms periods, bringing about the Song dynasty. The Song dynasty’s land area was significantly smaller than the previous Tang dynasty due to outside influences, such as the Manchurians and Liao. The Song military was weak compared to other dynasties, thus their focus became securing areas of central China. Leaders decided to establish Kaifeng as their capital rather than Chang’an. This decision was a reflection of the dynasty’s circumstances and goals. The Grand Canal made Kaifeng and later Hangzhou as northern, and later southern, Song capitals the perfect match for these goals. The Song’s focus was building wealth and social solidarity. Whereas Buddhism was a religious focus during the Tang and early Song dynasties, a resurgence of Confucian ideas in the form of neo-Confucianism occurred during the Song dynasty.
