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1. List the major contributors to modern biology concepts and in your own words, briefly describe their work. 2. Explain and briefly describe the geological time scale. How does it relate to the science of biology? 3. List and briefly describe in your own words the four main points of Darwin's theory? 4. Does the theory of natural selection conflict with environmental issues? Why or why not? Explain. 5. What is the importance of the use of Latin in science? How else do we use Latin today?

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sparshsrivastava

Answer:

Explanation:2.  the geological time scale, the ridiculously complex scale we use to describe and divide the history of the Earth into different sections.

3. The four key points of Darwin's Theory of Evolution are: individuals of a species are not identical; traits are passed from generation to generation; more offspring are born than can survive; and only the survivors of the competition for resources will reproduce.

4. The concept of fitness as a measure for a species’ success in natural selection is central to the theory of evolution. We here investigate how reproduction rates which are not constant but vary in response to environmental fluctuations, influence a species’ prosperity and thereby its fitness. Interestingly, we find that not only larger growth rates but also reduced sensitivities to environmental changes substantially increase the fitness. Thereby, depending on the noise level of the environment, it might be an evolutionary successful strategy to minimize this sensitivity rather than to optimize the reproduction speed. Also for neutral evolution, where species with exactly the same properties compete, variability in the growth rates plays a crucial role. The time for one species to fixate is strongly reduced in the presence of environmental noise. Hence, environmental fluctuations constitute a possible explanation for effective population sizes inferred from genetic data that often are much smaller than the census population size.

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