Given what we know, we can confirm that Sam's cat's behavior is most likely due to the effects of positive reinforcement.
What is positive reinforcement?
This is a type of cognitive conditioning technique. It involves the use of a benefit or prize whenever the individual does something that is considered good. Sam has given the cat positive reinforcement by petting the cat everything it jumps on the desk, which is why the cat will continue to do so in search of that benefit of being petted.
Therefore, we can confirm that Sam's cat's behavior is most likely due to the effects of positive reinforcement.
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