The element that has chemical properties most similar to element X is element 1.
What are the relations in the periodic table?
Elements on the periodic table are ordered accordingly to the number of protons in each element.
The first one is hydrogen, with 1 proton, the second is helium, with two protons, and so on.
So, element 3 has one proton less than x, and element 4 has one proton more than x.
Then we have two more relations:
Horizontal lines are called periods, so 3, x, and 4 are on the same period (it is related to the energy level of the valence's electrons).
Vertical lines are called families because elements in vertical lines have similar chemical behavior.
This is the one that we care for this problem, we want to see which element has chemical properties most similar to element X, so we need to see which element is on the same family as element X.
As you can see, the only element on the same vertical line as X is element 1, so the correct option will be A.
If you want to learn more about the periodic table, you can read:
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