Answer:During nitrification, ammonia (NH3) is oxidized and converted to nitrite and then to nitrate. This process is carried out by chemosynthetic bacteria (also known as nitrifying bacteria). That is, the energy released during nitrification is used to synthesize organic matter.
2. Denitrification occurs when bacteria in the soil, called denitrifying bacteria, use nitrates and convert them to nitrogen gas. Denitrification ensures that nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere.
3. Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed primarily with the help of bacteria. These bacteria act by forming nodules in the cortical areas of the roots of these plants, where they remove atmospheric nitrogen and convert it to the ammonia (NH3) used by the plants.
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