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Taking into account the reaction stoichiometry and limiting reagent, 25.73 grams of NH₃ are formed if 45.4 grams of NO and 12.1 grams of H₂ react.
Reaction stoichiometry
In first place, the balanced reaction is:
2 NO + 5 H₂ → 2 NH₃ + 2 H₂O
By reaction stoichiometry (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of moles of each compound participate in the reaction:
- NO: 2 moles
- H₂: 5 moles
- NH₃: 2 moles
- H₂O: 2 moles
The molar mass of the compounds is:
- NO: 30 g/mole
- H₂: 2 g/mole
- NH₃: 17 g/mole
- H₂O: 18 g/mole
Then, by reaction stoichiometry, the following mass quantities of each compound participate in the reaction:
- NO: 2 moles× 30 g/mole= 60 grams
- H₂: 5 moles× 2 g/mole= 10 grams
- NH₃: 2 moles× 17 g/mole= 34 grams
- H₂O: 2 moles× 18 g/mole= 36 grams
Limiting reagent
The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.
Determination of limiting reagent in this case
To determine the limiting reagent, it is possible to use a simple rule of three as follows: if by stoichiometry 10 grams of H₂ reacts with 60 grams of NO, 12.1 grams of H₂ reacts with how many mass of NO?
[tex]mass of NO=\frac{12.1 grams of H_{2}x 60 grams of NO }{10 grams of H_{2}}[/tex]
mass of NO= 72.6 grams
But 72.6 grams of NO are not available, 45.4 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 12.1 grams of H₂, NO will be the limiting reagent.
Largest amount of ammonia formed
Using the amount of limiting reaction, the following rule of three can be applied: if by reaction stoichiometry 60 grams of NO form 34 grams of NH₃, 45.4 grams of NO form how much mass of NH₃?
[tex]mass of NH_{3}= \frac{45.4 grams of NOx34 grams of NH_{3}}{60 grams of NO}[/tex]
mass of NH₃= 25.73 grams
Then, 25.73 grams of NH₃ are formed if 45.4 grams of NO and 12.1 grams of H₂ react.
Learn more about the reaction stoichiometry:
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