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Sagot :
GENES are the fundamental unit of heredity that transmit albinism from one generation to the next. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer made of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to form a double helix and which contains the genetic material necessary for all known creatures, including many viruses, to develop, function, grow, and reproduce.
Because they contain unique sets of instructions to encode certain proteins, which are passed down across generations, genes are regarded as the fundamental functional and structural components of heredity (i.e., they are inherited).
When a gene is expressed, certain DNA fragments (i.e., genes) are used as templates to produce messenger RNAs (mRNAs), which are complementary RNA sequences.
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The basic unit of heredity that carries the trait of albinism from parent to offspring is GENES. Thus, option "B" is correct.
What are genes?
Genes are considered the basic functional and structural units of heredity because they contain specific sets of instructions to encode specific proteins, which pass across generations (i.e., they are inherited).
During gene expression, specific fragments of DNA (i.e., genes) are used as templates to create specific complementary RNA sequences called messenger RNAs (mRNAs) by a process called transcription.
Subsequently, these mRNAs are used to synthesize proteins by a process called translation.
The proteins arrange in the cell to produce specific phenotypes, i.e., specific observable features or traits.
In conclusion, the basic unit of heredity that carries the trait of albinism from parent to offspring is GENES.
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