All people who have household or face-to-face contact with the client diagnosed with smallpox after the fever begins should be vaccinated within 4 days to prevent infection and death.
Smallpox is an infectious, fatal, and frequently disfiguring illness that has plagued people for thousands of years. Variola major or Variola minor are the two virus strains that cause the contagious sickness known as smallpox. To stop the spread of the variola virus to people who aren't immune, the patient should be kept in isolation until all scabs have come off (approximately 3–4 weeks after the rash first appeared).
For most people, smallpox is prevented or significantly lessened in severity by vaccination within three days of exposure. Immunization 4–7 days after exposure probably provides some illness protection or may lessen the severity of disease.
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