Atomic or hybrid orbitals make up the sigma bond between c1 and c2 in ethane, ch3ch3 are one s orbital and 2 p orbital
Sigma bonds are the most powerful type of covalent chemical link. They are generated by atomic orbitals overlapping head-on. For diatomic molecules, sigma bonding is most readily explained using the language and tools of symmetry groups.
Chemical covalent bonds are sigma bonds and pi bonds. The overlap of atomic orbitals creates sigma and pi bonds. Sigma bonds are produced by overlapping from end to end, whereas Pi bonds are created when the lobe of one atomic orbital overlaps another.
Sigma bonding can be seen in the link between two hydrogen atoms. Sigma bonds are also formed between the sp3 orbitals of hybridized carbon and the s orbitals of hydrogen in methane.
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