The reason the position of a particle cannot be specified with infinite precision is the uncertainty principle .
The position of a particle moving in a straight line is a vector which represents a point P on the line in relation to the origin O. The position of a particle is often thought of as a function of time, and we write x(t) for the position of the particle at time t.
The Heisenberg uncertainty principle is a law in quantum mechanics that limits how accurately you can measure two related variables. Specifically, it says that the more accurately you measure the momentum (or velocity) of a particle, the less accurately you can know its position, and vice versa.
The uncertainty principle (for position and momentum) states that one cannot assign exact simultaneous values to the position and momentum of a physical system. Rather, these quantities can only be determined with some characteristic “uncertainties” that cannot become arbitrarily small simultaneously
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