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Sagot :
The price of a firm is equal to its marginal cost in both the short and long run. In both the short and long run, price equals marginal revenue. Firms should increase output as long as marginal revenue exceeds marginal cost, and reduce output if marginal revenue is less than marginal cost.
Note that when we are in long-term equilibrium, we are also in short-term equilibrium. In the long run, P = min(ATC), and the entering firm chooses the set with the lowest ATC. The MC curve intersects ATC at min(ATC), so the same quantity has a price equal to MC.
For a perfect competitor, marginal return equals price and average return. This means that the firm's marginal cost curve is a continuous supply curve with values greater than the average variable cost. If the price falls below the average variable cost, the company will be closed.
In a perfectly competitive market, price equals marginal cost in both the short and long run.
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