The Coleman report and other studies have found that neighborhood and peer environment is the most powerful factor in determining students' level of school achievement.
- The Civil Rights Act of 1964 required the publication of the Coleman Report. The law assigned the U.S. Office of Education two years to write a report that would analyze the disparities in educational opportunities for elementary and secondary education across the country.
- Black and white schools have roughly equal access to regional resources.
- However, the researchers came to the conclusion from the research that neither the school's infrastructure nor its resources were the most crucial indicators of a child's academic achievement. Instead the Home life and neighborhood played an important role.
- Six community elements have been identified by study as influencing student achievement: financial situation, environment, educational level, communication with and support provided to schools, availability of community child care, and community cohesion (i.e., quality of education).
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