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Describe the structure and function of mirna, snrna, and lncrna, which represent the three major types of noncoding rnas; what are four mechanisms by which lncrna molecules are thought to regulate cellular processes?.

Sagot :

Non-coding RNAs are a large family of RNAs that are not coding for known proteins.

microRNAs(miRNA):

  • MicroRNAs are 18–24 nucleotide short RNA transcripts that control translational gene expression.
  • The majority of miRNAs are synthesized from DNA sequences into precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs), main miRNAs (pri-miRNAs), and mature miRNAs.
  • miRNAs interact with the 3′ UTR of target mRNAs to suppress expression.

Small nuclear RNAs(snRNA):

  • The typical length of a snRNA is 150 nucleotides.
  • snRNAs are found in eukaryotic cells in the Cajal bodies and splicing speckles of the cell nucleus. Either RNA polymerase II or RNA polymerase III transcribes them.

Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNA):

  • The three domains of the lncRNA are structured into a modular structure with 12 helices, 8 terminal loops, 5 sizable internal loops, and a five-way junction.
  • lncRNA are epigenetic regulators by modulating histone or DNA modification, primarily methylation and acetylation, and control epigenetic modification primarily in the nucleus, which controls gene transcription at the transcriptional level.
  • They regulate cellular processes by (i)chromatin remodeling, (ii) preventing the activity of particular transcription factors, (iii), blocking the promoter area of particular genes, (iv), building double-stranded RNA complexes with mRNA or miRNAs, and finally causing gene expression.

Learn more about the Types of RNA with the help of the given link:

https://brainly.com/question/15179442

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