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Sagot :
humans have hundreds of different g-protein-coupled receptors. while these receptors all have distinct amino acid sequences, they all have in common: guanine nucleotide exchange activity
What is guanine nucleotide?
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are proteins or protein domains that stimulate the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to enable the binding of guanosine triphosphate, hence activating monomeric GTPases (GTP). It has been demonstrated that guanine nucleotide exchange activity occurs in a number of unrelated structural domains. While some GEFs are exclusive to a particular GTPase, others can activate numerous GTPases.
Small GTPases are activated by proteins or protein domains known as guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). In intracellular signaling pathways, small GTPases function as molecular switches and have a wide range of downstream destinations. The Ras superfamily of GTPases, which is made up of the most well-known GTPases, is crucial for key cellular functions such cell division and proliferation, cytoskeletal structure, vesicle trafficking, and nuclear transport. GTPases can have their activity controlled by GEFs and the opposing GTPase activating proteins because they are active when bound to GTP and inactive when attached to GDP (GAPs)
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