By using ideal gas approximation, the sun's temperature is 2.27 x 10⁷ K.
We need to know about ideal gas to solve this problem. The ideal gas will follow the rule
P . V = n . R . T
where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the amount of substance, R is the ideal gas constant (8.31 J/mol.K) and T is temperature.
From the question above, we know that:
Mr = 2 g/mol
ρ = 1.4 g/cm³
P = 1.3 x 10⁹ atm = 1.32 x 10¹⁴ Pa
m(sun) = 1989 x 10³⁰ g
Find the amount of sun substance
n = m / Mr
n = 1989 x 10³⁰ / 2
n = 994.5 x 10³⁰ mol
Find the volume of sun
V = m/ρ
V = 1989 x 10³⁰ / 1.4
V = 1420.71 x 10³⁰ cm³
V = 1.42 x 10²⁷ m³
By substituting the parameters, we get
P . V = n . R . T
1.32 x 10¹⁴ . 1.42 x 10²⁷ = 994.5 x 10³⁰ . 8.31 . T
T = 2.27 x 10⁷ K
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