Read the excerpt from the Federalist Papers and then answer the following question.

“If men were angels, no government would be necessary. If angels were to govern men, neither external nor internal controls on government would be necessary. In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place, oblige it to control itself. A dependence on the people is no doubt the primary control of the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.”

— James Madison, Publius, no. 51

What Constitutional principle is Madison referring to in the above passage from the Federalist Papers?

Group of answer choices

Judicial review

Checks and balances

Electoral College

Bicameral legislature