The specific restriction placed on the government within the first clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was that the state governments must treat similarly situated individuals in a similar manner.
It refers to the federal legislation that makes a major provision of granting a citizenship to all the persons born or naturalized in the United States,” thereby, granting the citizenship to formerly enslaved people.
The Amendment provides that "No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws". Therefore, the specific restriction placed on the government within the first clause of the Fourteenth Amendment was that the state governments must treat similarly situated individuals in a similar manner.
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