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A proton (mp = 1.67x10-27 kg) is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 750 volts. What is its final velocity?

Sagot :

ANSWER

3.79×10⁵ m/s

EXPLANATION

Given:

• The potential difference, ΔV = 750 V

,

• The mass of the proton, mp = 1.67*10⁻²⁷ kg

,

• The electric charge of a proton, e = 1.60*10⁻¹⁹ C

Unknown:

• The final velocity of the proton, v

The kinetic energy of the proton at the end of the motion is,

[tex]KE=\frac{1}{2}m_pv^2[/tex]

This kinetic energy is obtained from the work done to move the proton,

[tex]W=e\cdot\Delta V[/tex]

By conservation of energy,

[tex]\frac{1}{2}m_pv^2=e\cdot\Delta V[/tex]

Solving for v,

[tex]v=\sqrt[]{\frac{2\cdot e\cdot\Delta V}{m_p}}[/tex]

Replace with the known values and solve,

[tex]v=\sqrt[]{\frac{2\cdot1.60\times10^{-19}C\cdot750V}{1.67\times10^{-27}kg}}\approx3.79\times10^5m/s[/tex]

Hence, the final velocity of the proton is 3.79 × 10⁵ m/s.