Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during meiosis I or of sister chromatids to separate during meiosis II. Nondisjunction results in gametes with a missing or extra chromosome and may result in embryonic, fetal, or infant death or a trisomic individual.
If these gametes are fertilized by a normal gamete, the resulting zygote will be abnormal. Nondisjunction can lead to genetic disorders such as Down syndrome.
Down syndrome, also called trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by physical and intellectual developmental delays, and is the most common chromosomal disorder.
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