what kinds of substitutions or insertions or deletions can occur? are there other types of mutations at larger scale?

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01-12-2022
Biology

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what kinds of substitutions or insertions or deletions can occur? are there other types of mutations at larger scale?

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contexto1026 contexto1026 · Answer 1 · 2022-12-05T23:17:33-05:00

Types of Substitutions: Transitions (substitute purine with purine)

Transversions (substitute pu w/ py)

Substitution mutations may have positive, negative, or no effects. Silent, missense, and nonsense mutations are three types of point mutations that they specifically induce. A silent mutation is one in which the protein's functionality is unaffected. The incorrect protein is coded for by a missense mutation.

An insertion in genetics is the addition of one or more base pair nucleotides to the DNA sequence. Because the DNA polymerase frequently slips in microsatellite regions, this frequently occurs.

Types of Insertions:

Frameshift mutations (insertion or deletion that alters the reading frame of the gene)

In-frame insertions and deletions ( deletion or insertion of a multiple of 3 nucleotides which do not Alter the reading frame)

Expanding nucleotide repeats: Increase in the number of a copies of a set of nucleotides( repeated sequence of a set of nucleotides in which the number of copies of the sequence increases)

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