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Boat Build Challenge
Criteria Design 1 Design 2 Design 3 Design 4
Water Temperature (°C) 18 30 22 22
Amount of Water 20 ml 20 ml 10 ml 45 ml
Condition of Tablet whole whole crushed broken into 4 pieces
Distance (cm) 48 30 18 50
Speed (cm/s) 12cm/s 15cm/s 6cm/s 20cm/s

Science students were learning about Newton's laws of motion. Their teacher challenged them to build a gas-propelled boat using a film canister. The students had to design the propelled boat to produce enough thrust to win a boat race. The boats would be judged on the distance traveled and the speed of the boat. To do this, the students had to understand chemical reactions, the rate of reactions, and Newton's laws of motion. In real life, when propellants burn, pressure is created. Releasing this pressure through a small opening generates thrust that can be used to move objects. In this case, pressure is generated from the gas released as an Alka-Seltzer tablet undergoes a reaction in water. The gas is released out the back of the canister, forcing the boat to move in the opposite direction.

Each student group was given the following:
For each group:
2 Alka-Seltzer® antacid tablets
1/2 sheet of blank paper
1 film canister (with hole in lid)
3-4" (2 cm) piece of foam for a fin

The students all brainstormed and came up with variables that might be manipulated to win the boat challenge. The group data is compiled in the data table.
Using the students' experiment and data, can you identify the statements that are correct?
Responses
A The greater the gas build up in the canister, the greater the thrust force.The greater the gas build up in the canister, the greater the thrust force.
B Team #3's manipulated variables produced the least amount of force.Team #3's manipulated variables produced the least amount of force.
C Team #1 travelled faster than Team #2, but a shorter distance. This contradicts Newton's 2nd law of motion, F = ma.Team #1 travelled faster than Team #2, but a shorter distance. This contradicts Newton's 2nd law of motion, F = ma.
D There was a direct relationship between water temperature and the force created to move the boat.There was a direct relationship between water temperature and the force created to move the boat.
E The boat's forward motion in this experiment illustrates Newton's 3rd law of motion.

Sagot :

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